What is the probability that it will be red? And what were the socio-economic implications for the nation? New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated Republican incumbent president Herbert Hoover. study many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. Copyright 2016, Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute at Hunter College, The Origins of Modern Campaigning: 1860-1932, 1936: FDRs Second Presidential Campaign The New Deal, Breaking the Glass Ceiling: Women Candidates of the Major Parties, http://www.roosevelthouse.hunter.cuny.edu/seehowtheyran/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/23-Cactus-Jack-and-Franklin-D.-1932-1.mp3. Vicious rumors and openly hateful anti-Catholic rhetoric hit Smith hard and often in the months leading up to election day. Charles Curtis was challenged unsuccessfully by James Harbord, who had served as John Pershings chief of staff in World War I. Athens grew in influence subdering many smaller cities and taking away their freedom and leaders wanted more political power. Which best summarizes the intent of Franklin Roosevelt's Hundred Days legislation and programs? d. reverse many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. During the campaign George Gallup used "scientific" polling to predict that FDR would win. These assets were enough to overcome the interests of Al Smith, who wanted another chance at the White House, and other regional candidates like Speaker of the House John Nance Garner of Texas. In the four months between the election and Roosevelts inauguration, Hoover sought Roosevelts cooperation in stemming the deepening economic crisis. continue many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. He considered such programs to be emergency in nature, and therefore separate from usual governmental outlays. The country then lurched into what is now known as the Roosevelt Recession of 1937-1938. The Weegy: A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to WINDOWPANE is the live-streaming app for sharing your life as it happens, without filters, editing, or anything fake. On November 8, 1932, the Democratic ticket was swept into office. b. President Abraham Lincoln s plan for Reconstruction punished Confederates who owned large farms. But the two were unable to find common ground, as Roosevelt refused to subscribe to Hoovers proposals, which Hoover himself admitted would mean the abandonment of 90 percent of the so-called new deal. As a result, the economy continued to decline. Updates? This site is using cookies under cookie policy . Words like "rationalize," "efficiency," and "technocrat" spoke of heartlessness and a cold-minded concern with an industrial process that had devastated the nation. Vote for Franklin D. Roosevelt for President. During his campaign for president in 1932, Franklin Roosevelt promised to Reverse many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. Latest answer posted October 22, 2016 at 9:29:00 PM. reverse many of the policies of Herbert Hoover Original conversation He promised to balance the federal budget, which Herbert Hoover had been unable to do. Tennessee Sen. Jack Johnson, the Republican sponsor, says his bill addresses "sexually suggestive drag shows" that are inappropriate for children. (See Domestic Affairs section for details. 1932. During his campaign for president in 1932, Franklin Roosevelt promised to Reverse many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. FDR became ill with polio in August 1921 while vacationing at the familys summer home on Campobello Island off the coast of Maine. What made them Progressive presidents? Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Hoover was the status quo, FDR the symbol of hope. Their car traveled to downtown Manhattan along streets lined with cheering supporters. In his speech, he called for a new deal for the American people. That initial catch phrase would become the signature description of his program to rebuild the economy and revitalize the nation. = 2 5/20 During his campaign for president in 1932, Franklin Roosevelt promised to continue many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. Before running for president in 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt had no previous experience in government. Chancellorsville. This remarkable ticket for a campaign event in New York City at the Astor Hotel features the names of many well-known celebrities in the entertainment business. The posters slogan, Constructive Policies, suggested he would do something important to address the problems of the nation. The depressed state of the U.S. economy determined the 1932 election contest between the incumbent, Herbert Hoover, and the challenger, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. He underwent physical therapy and sought a cure in the waters of Warm Springs, Georgia, but experienced no improvement. His "Protestant Prohibitionist" running mate, Senator Joseph G. Robinson of Arkansas, balanced Smith's "Wet (anti-prohibitionist) Catholic" stance. Log in here. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Democratic Nominee, October 16, 1932. Whether management made the correct decision. In his first Hundred Days he instituted programs to provide relief, recovery, and reform to various sectors of the United States economy. In spite "Hoover delivered nine major addresses during the campaign, defending his record and attacking Roosevelt. Demobilized in 1946, he returned to his sales job and raised a family in the New York area. ^* $82,000\$ 82,000$82,000 is one-third of the $246,000\$ 246,000$246,000 cost of processing VDB. His success in many urban and industrial states gave him a clear majority of 303 to 219 in the electoral vote. PWA (Public Works Administration) housing project for Negroes. They turned, as they had a right to turn, to the Government. Later, a second New Deal was to evolve; it included union protection programs, the Social Security Act, and programs to aid tenant farmers and migrant workers. What was one common way that members of the temperance movement attempted to stop people from drinking alcohol? Roosevelt's campaign was cautious, largely because he did not want to commit any gaffes which might draw attention away from Hoover's failings or the nation's immense troubles. FDR's 1932 campaign appearances were frequently accompanied by "Happy Days Are Here Again," probably the most famous presidential campaign song in American history. We accepted the final responsibility of Government, after all else had failed, to spend money when no one else had money left to spend. FDR came to the convention with the most delegates and won the nomination on the fourth ballot. The proportion of these two outputs cannot be altered, because this is a joint process. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. During his campaign he claimed to have answers to the financial crisis but wisely did not share these, as he did not want them to become primary debating points with Hoover. Franklin Roosevelt, then Governor of New York, was not the only candidate for the Democratic nomination in 1932; the 1928 nominee, Al Smith, was also a contender, as was House Speaker John Nance Garner of Texas. ProcessFurtherRNA2DMZ3PestrolTotalProductioninpounds400,000400,000400,000Revenue$320,000$230,000$230,000$460,000Costs:VDBcosts$82,000$61,500$61,500$123,000Additionaldirectmaterials(LST)andprocessingofRNA-260,00060,000120,000Totalcosts$82,000$121,500$121,500$243,000Weeklygrossprofit$238,000$108,500$108,500$217,000\begin{array}{lcccc} View the transcript of FDRs Campaign Address on the Federal Budget, Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, October 19, 1932. . He claims that it has been so successful that the federal government has actually eliminated 22 . During his campaign, he promised to take a complete change of direction. The acceptance by the Roosevelt Administration of what became known as Keynesianism established the precedent of using deficit spending as a vehicle for promoting economic recovery in times of national fiscal crisis. \text{ Production in pounds } & \underline{ \underline{ 400,000 }} & \underline{ \underline{ 400,000 }} & \underline{ \underline{ 400,000 }} \\ One of the foremost reasons why Roosevelt won was because people believed that he could take America out of the Great Depression unlike Hoover. The Great Depression was one of the most trying times in American History, and the 1932 election held the fate of the country. This joint process would yield 400,000400,000400,000 pounds each of DMZ-333 and Pestrol, the two new products. Statistics revealing the depth of the Great Depression were staggering. EMPIRES OF THE ATLANTIC WORLD EMPIRES OF THE ATLANTIC WORLD Britain and Spain in America 1492-1830 J. H. Elliott Yale University Press New Haven and London Homer Plessy, a black person, was arrested on a railroad train and his case was appealed all the way to the Supreme Court. He produced numerous magazine illustrations, portraits, and a major series of patriotic murals, including The Signing of the Constitution of the United States. Unveiled in 1940 in the U.S. Capitol Building, it was the largest and most expensive painting commissioned by the government at that time. Many of the New Deal acts or agencies came to be known by their acronyms. On November 8, 1960, John F. Kennedy was elected president in one of the closest elections in U.S. history. A Progressive Candidate with Constructive Policies. Two days later, at the inauguration on March 4, 1933, with a dour Herbert Hoover standing close by, FDR took the oath of office administered by Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes. FDR at Dedication of Boulder (now Hoover) Dam, September 30, 1936. During his life as a barrister, essayist, and scientist, he envisioned a utopia made . Hunger stalked the nation and food lines proliferated in major cities. You pick one disk without looking. Which groups did Franklin Roosevelt specifically help during his first Hundred Days in office? By inauguration dayMarch 4, 1933most banks had shut down, industrial production had fallen to just 56 percent of its 1929 level, at least 13 million wage earners were unemployed, and farmers were in desperate straits. Franklin D. The holder and its cushioned leather case are both quite worn and show heavy use. Based on the assumption that the power of the federal government was needed to get the country out of the depression, the first days of Roosevelt's administration saw the passage of banking reform laws, emergency relief programs, work relief programs, and agricultural programs. Reverse many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. = 15 ? Latest answer posted February 03, 2021 at 6:26:14 PM. True Both posters featured beautiful young women and patriotic symbols in Christys characteristic romantic style. FDR, as he liked to be called, was born in 1882 as Theodore Roosevelt's . Unemployment threatened to rise to pre-New Deal levels, and the economy came grinding to a halt. \text{ Revenue } & \underline{ \$ 320,000 } & \underline{ \$ 230,000 } & \underline{ \$ 230,000 } & \underline{ \$ 460,000 } \\ \quad \text{ and processing of RNA-2 } & \underline{ - } & \underline{ 60,000 } & \underline{ 60,000 } & \underline{ 120,000 } \\ "Necessitous men are not free men." The Birthday Ball for the President. After the great stock market crash of October 1929, and its rippling impact around the world, every aspect of American life felt its effects. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . Numerous Protestant preachers in rural areas delivered Sunday sermons warning their flocks that a vote for Smith was a vote for the Devil. Diplomats and politicians were arguing over peace treaties and the question of America's entry into the League of Nations. THE FIRST NEW DEAL FDR and the Election of 1932- Contrary to popular belief, Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) raised in privilege on a New York country estatecame to represent the average American citizen. Hoover's speeches, however, were dreary, laden with statistics and delivered as sermons. Franklins hand was firmly placed on the Roosevelt familys 17th century Dutch Bible, as he recited every word. the Balanced Budget. In his election campaign for president, Franklin Roosevelt promised to the public, that he will restore the rules and laws of Herbert Hoover. Should he be elected these members of his family, with others at the Chicago front may grace the White House in Washington., Cheering Roosevelt at Pittsburgh, October 19, 1932. View the Reading Copy of FDRs Campaign Address at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1936. had been governor of the State of New York. What is a quick summary of this quick help! Bull Run. Background By late winter 1933, the nation had already endured more than three years of economic depression. The election took place against the backdrop of the Great Depression. Roosevelt had a completely different point of view on the matter. Indeed, his skillful use of the radio became a signature of his presidency. slavery. , of this amendment, Southern states did take away black people's rights as citizens. Therefore, Hoover faced a campaign in 1932 in which he was (1) blamed by many for the worst depression in history; (2) vilified by most of the country as incompetent, uncaring, and reactionary; and (3) overmatched in rhetorical skills. In the summer of 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Governor of New York, was nominated as the presidential candidate of the Democratic Party. Weegy: A basic position in American foreign policy has been that America must defend its foreign interests related to Weegy: 15 ? Please tell me what I should put in my notes and help me. Republican Elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt Democratic The 1932 United States presidential electionwas the 37th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 1932. In a series of addresses carefully prepared by a team of advisers popularly known as the Brain Trust, he promised aid to farmers, public development of electric power, a balanced budget, and government policing of irresponsible private economic power. Despite his crippled condition, he campaigned vigorously, emphasizing the need to work together to overcome the Depression. Hoover's nomination was assured when he received the endorsement of Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon, who controlled Pennsylvania's delegates. The results of the 1932 U.S. presidential election are provided in the table. It was a politically necessary one, however, because FDR needed to show the electorate that while his body had been ravaged by polio, he was still a vigorous and energetic leader. The electoral college tally was even more lopsided, 444 to 87. c. study many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. How long did he actually serve in jail? He expressed to the people his plan of action. It continues with the beginning of Roosevelts first term through 1936 and his re-election; the last few pages have news from 1937 to 1941. The Democratic convention met in Chicago as well, but in an entirely different atmosphere. In February 1933 Congress passed the 21st Amendment to undo the 18th Amendment and by December of that year it had been ratified, making the sale of alcoholic beverages legal again where permitted by local and state law. User: She worked really hard on the project. Franklin Roosevelt engage in a lot of activities throughout the presidential campaign. Utilizing the organizing theme of partisan gridlock in the seventh edition's introductory materials and author headnotes, editor Michael Cummings reminds readers that partisanship has long been a recurring problem for Americans . "What did FDR promise to the American people when he took office?
= 45/20 Anti-Smith literature, distributed by the resurgent Ku Klux Klan (KKK), claimed that President Smith would take orders from the Pope, declare all Protestant children illegitimate, annul Protestant marriages, and establish Catholicism as the nation's official religion. For his inaugural speech, Americans saw FDR walk (move) slowly to the rostrum securely on the arm of his son, showing the nation his strength his mastery of movement in spite of his crippled legs to inspire hope and repair the economy. Each year, FDR submitted a budget for general expenditures that anticipated a balanced budget, with the exception of government expenditures for relief and work programs. FDR responded by comparing Hoover's record to the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: "Destruction, Delay, Despair, and Doubt. Franklin D. Roosevelt Elected President of the United States | Holocaust Encyclopedia Search the Holocaust Encyclopedia All categories Animated Map Article Artifact Audio Of his Convention speech the next evening, one reporter noted, It was evident that the thousands of people believed they were in the presence, not only of the nominee of the Democratic Party, but of the next President of the United States. FDR inscribed this photo to his Personal Secretary, Marguerite Missy Le Hand. Latest answer posted January 15, 2021 at 11:09:50 AM. Besides having policy differences, the two candidates presented a stark contrast in personal demeanour as well. (MCNY). b. strengthen many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. Garner would give up his pursuit of the top nomination in exchange for the Vice Presidential slot. Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will ________________. While Calvin Coolidge was the first president whose inaugural address was heard on the radio in 1925, by the time FDR took office millions more Americans had radios. Cactus Jack and Franklin D. (1932) from Election Songs of the United States by Oscar Brand. The 1932 election was the first held during the Great Depression, and it represented a dramatic shift in the political alignment of the country. The next evening, thousands filled the same stadium to hear an anti-Smith speech entitled, "Al Smith and the Forces of Hell. Question and answer When Americans suffered, we refused to pass by on the other side. Warner brought a whole cadre of his contract players, including James Cagney, Bette Davis and Edward G. Robinson to support the Democratic ticket in the 1932 election and those that followed. Before running for president in 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt. Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated republican president Herbert Hoover during the effects of the Great depression. )Few Republicans believed that Hoover could win in 1932, but the President was determined to defend himself. "A consistent critic of Prohibition as governor of New York, Smith took a stance on the Eighteenth Amendment that was politically dangerous both nationally and within the party. LOVE, POVERTY, WAR AND Also by Christopher Hitchens BLOOD, CLASS AND EMPIRE: The Enduring Anglo-American Relationship A LONG SHORT WAR: The Postponed Liberation of Iraq WHY ORWELL MATTERS LEFT HOOKS, RIGHT CROSSES: A Decade of Political Writing (edited with Christopher Caldwell) LETTERS TO A YOUNG CONTRARIAN THE TRIAL OF HENRY KISSINGER BLAMING THE VICTIMS: Spurious Scholarship and the . The women of Iceland were tired of being paid less than men and not seeing women in government. But the fiscal orthodoxy of budget balancing did not match the reality of the economic situation of an America with nearly a quarter of its working population unemployed. give the government time to verify that banks were strong. required all states to abolish the practice of slavery. Franklin D. Roosevelt won the 1932 presidential election reasons. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser, During his campaign for president in 1932, Franklin Roosevelt promised to. He also told the public that their money would be safer in banks than it would be in jars or under mattresses at home. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Lincoln was elected the 16th President on November 6, 1860. His margin of victory over Herbert Hoover was the largest in recorded history up to that time. The Republican Party was divided between Grants followers and the Liberal Republicans was problematic about the 1876 presidential election. Building to a conclusion, he promised, "I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people.". During his administration, however, there were several impressive accomplishments. From the very first days of his illness, his family, friends, and staff assisted in disguising the extent of his disability. Of those that remained open, withdrawals were restricted. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. 6 2/3 The President inspired few Americans, in stark contrast to Roosevelt's uplifting oratory. WINDOWPANE is the live-streaming app for sharing your life as it happens, without filters, editing, or anything fake. " After three ballots Garner released his delegates, and on the fourth ballot Roosevelt won the party nomination. Roosevelt then went to Congress and stated that he would treat fighting the Depression like one would fighting an invading enemy. This traditional view that deficits were bad was also supported by public opinion polls. During his almost 9,000-mile cross-country campaign trip by train, FDR traveled along the California coast to Los Angeles. The words may have sounded like Franklin D. Roosevelt touting his New Deal, but they were actually uttered by his predecessor, Herbert Hoover, on the campaign trail in 1932. He was lucky to have various jobs during the Depression years to help support his family and may even have benefitted from some of the New Deal programs to employ young men. It was the reduction of federal spending that these advisers viewed as the cause of the recession. President Lincolns suspension of the writ of habeas corpus meant that citizens. This is one of several holders that he owned and used and is believed to be the one he is holding in this photograph. For example, the Works Progress Administration was known as the WPA, while the Civilian Conservation Corps was known as the CCC. The four-term New York governor, Alfred E. Smith, a Catholic opponent of Prohibition (the common term for the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that banned the manufacture, sale, or transport of liquor), won the Democratic nomination on the first ballot. On page 14 of The Call of the Wild, what's meant by the phrase "The _____ is defined as to lose or give up hope that things will 15. And while prior inaugurations had been recorded on film starting with William McKinley in 1897 the newsreels of FDRs swearing in were the first with sound. The court ruled against Plessy and provided a legal backing for Processing RNA-111 into Fastkil costs $240,000\$ 240,000$240,000. What were the 34 most significant differences between ideas of regional identity in the North and in the South during the Civil War? Essays on GCSE USA 1919-1941 at Marked By Teachers. So on Oct. 24, 1975, 90% of Icelandic women didn't go to work . By that time, there were 13,000,000 unemployed, and almost every bank was closed. FDRs Traveling Cane and Case. FDR's budget balancing was not only based on traditional fiscal economics, but also on politics. the Positive Outlook. f(x)=(x12+3x4+4)(2x31). FDR at Dedication of Boulder (now Hoover) Dam, September 30, 1936. c. study many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. Why I'm Running. In the summer of 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Governor of New York, was nominated as the presidential candidate of the Democratic Party. That is not what you or I would call helpful citizenship. Why did Franklin Roosevelt launch new programs during his first hundred days in office? It must assist business and labor in the development of "an economic constitutional order" based upon a fair distribution of wealth, in which every working person would be guaranteed "the right to make a comfortable living. 20/3 c. study many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. Nothing was said about trade associations, technology, or the promise of prosperity. *QUOTE* Garner was duly selected unanimously as the vice presidential candidate. In the long term, the election marked the beginning of Democratic dominance in presidential elections and American politics. User: She worked really hard on the project. RNA-222 is sold as is for $80\$ 80$80 per hundred pounds. The popular vote gave a whopping 21,391,993 votes (58.2 percent) to Hoover compared to 15,016,169 votes (40.9 percent) to Smith. After he did this, he issued the first of what would be called the Fireside Chats, in which he stated that the only things that Americans had to fear was "fear itself." User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? An evening of entertainment at the Los Angeles Olympic Stadium was organized by Democrat Jack Warner, of Warner Brothers, and Will Rogers, a star for the Fox Film Company, was the emcee. Mallon joined the Army in 1942, was trained as a medic, and eventually assigned to England where he cared for troops injured in Europe. Omaha, Nebraska, Swimming pool created by CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) dam, Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) Unionism, National Expansion and Reform, 1815 - 1880, Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945, Art and Entertainment in the 1930s and 1940s, Labor Unions During the Great Depression and New Deal. FDR's Democratic Party would win the next four presidential elections and its philosophy of "New Deal liberalism" would emerge as the nation's guiding political ideology. The 1896 court decision in Plessy v Ferguson became the legal basis for the next 60 years. The depression was the only issue of consequence in the presidential campaign of 1932. (N-YHS) Campaign. PLEASE HELP!! Herbert Hoover's tenure as the 31st president of the United States began on his inauguration on March 4, 1929, and ended on March 4, 1933. When RNA- 222 is processed further, one-half of the final output consists of DMZ- 333 and Pestrol. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the New Deal, Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress, Great Depression and World War II, 1929 to 1945, Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Black-and-White Negatives, An African American (Eugenia Martin) and the WPA. 1 He was sworn into office at the height of the Great Depression and immediately worked to launch a series of programs and projects that came to be collectively known as the "New Deal ." 1936. to continue the policies of Herbert Hoover to reassure the American public In other words, it was time for the government to take a more activist role in reviving the economy, distributing wealth and products more equitably, of adapting existing economic organizations to the service of the people. He wanted to give Americans a sense that their lives would again be productive, Every man has a right to life; and this means that he has also a right to make a comfortable living.. FDR's support for deficit spending was yet another shift in the relationship between the government and the people that took place during his Administration. University of Kentucky, Copyright 2023. What did the Gilded Age reformers have in common with Jackson era reformers? In contrast to his smoking, FDR drank in moderation, favoring martinis before dinner. FDR began his 1932 campaign for the presidency espousing orthodox fiscal beliefs. In his acceptance speech, Roosevelt pledged "a new deal for the American people" and was cheered wildly by the delegates. On September 24, 1932, he spent a long day among cheering crowds, with a parade viewed by 200,000 people lunch, and finally an afternoon speech at the famous Hollywood Bowl. "More than 40 million voters went to the polls in 1932, a record number. United States presidential election of 1932, American presidential election held on Nov. 8, 1932, in which Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated Republican Pres. During his campaign for president in 1932, Franklin Roosevelt promised to a. continue many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. had helped Hoover balance the federal budget. President Lincolns suspension of the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War meant that people could be jailed illegally. Indeed, Roosevelt spoke in such generalities and exuded so much optimism that some commentators wondered if he understood the extraordinary challenges facing the nation. The Great Depression that struck during the "Great Engineer's" presidency, and his inability to do much about it, had changed the national mood and its political temper. For each frequency distribution, suggest "nice" bins. Latest answer posted August 03, 2011 at 2:13:13 AM. People who are hungry and out of a job are the stuff of which dictatorships are made. = 15 ? During his campaign for president in 1932, Franklin Roosevelt promised to. FDR was not only known for his cane but also for his cigarette holders. It began in 1929 when the United States had severe unemployment, drastic declines in output, and deflation. And as soon as he took office, he fulfilled his promises with the creation of the New Deal programs administered by the government itself and that aimed to stimulate the economy and provide relief to those most in need. And the invariable answer has been "that is not my business -- I know nothing of the details, but I am sure that it could be done." Herbert Hoover Dbq. Why is the Elizabethan age called the Golden Age of England? Re-Elect Herbert Hoover. All of FDRs public appearances (and photos and newsreels) were carefully managed to show him fully able and capable of carrying the burden of office. \text{ Total costs } & \underline{ \$ 82,000 } & \underline{ \$ 121,500 } & \underline{ \$ 121,500 } & \underline{ \$ 243,000 } \\ b. strengthen many of the policies of Herbert Hoover. Among important Republican constituencies, he had the support of women, progressives, internationalists, the new business elite, and corporate interests.