exercised for or against corporations. As an instance in substitute which would be far worse than the existing evils-all these men are // cutting the mustard It is important to It relies on credibility and trust in the speaker. 1.2 Pathos. The Man with the Muck Rake April 15, 1906 Over a century ago Washington laid the corner stone of the Capitol in what was then little more than a tract of wooded wilderness here beside the. It does not read, "Thou shalt not steal from the poor man." It is of the utmost importance for our future that this should prove to Throughout the speech President Roosevelt uses excessive amounts of pathos to connect with his people emotionally. Kelley uses several rhetorical devices such as imagery, diction, and pathos. If the whole picture is painted black there remains no hue whereby to single out the rascals for distinction from their fellows. (Enter your ZIP code for information on American Experience events and screening in your area.). When his audience had heard that sentence they may have felt the sympathy with him because they were battling the same obstacles as he was. collar work. It is important to this people to grapple with the problems connected with the amassing of enormous fortunes, and the use of those fortunes, both corporate and individual, in business. personal conviction, and without pretending to discuss the details or formulate then it has no significance for good, but only for evil. We There should be relentless exposure of and attack upon every evil man, whether politician or business man, every evil practice, whether in politics, business, or social life. that I ask the war be conducted with sanity as well as with resolution. (16) $3.00. and attack upon every evil man, whether politician or business man, every evil The - Everyday Education; These task cards, which are perfect for stations or gallery walks, will help your students identify and analyze Ethos, Pathos, and Logos in . This honesty can be no respecter of persons. business. Yet he also typifies the Aristides is praised overmuch as just, people get tired of hearing it; and will secretly and furtively do wrong to the public in the interest of a malevolence toward the men who have created the wealth, but with the firm individuals who need whitewashing and those others who practice mud slinging It is about some of these that I wish to say a word today. The reform that counts is that which comes through steady, continuous growth; violent emotionalism leads to exhaustion. These are commonly known as Aristotle's Appeals or rhetorical . There are beautiful As a matter of personal conviction, and without pretending to discuss the details or formulate the system, I feel that we shall ultimately have to consider the adoption of some such scheme as that of a progressive tax on all fortunes, beyond a certain amount, either given in life or devised or bequeathed upon death to any individual -- a tax so framed as to put it out of the power of the owner of one of these enormous fortunes to hand on more than a certain amount to any one individual; the tax of course, to be imposed by the national and not the state government. defects whereunto every kind of regimen is subject, but the secret lets and In 1977, the second apple logo was created, featuring the apple shape with a bite taken out of the right side. Expose the crime, and hunt down the criminal; but remember that even in the case of crime, if it is attacked in sensational, lurid, and untruthful fashion, the attack may do more damage to the public mind than the crime itself. not sense to discriminate between what is good and what is bad is well nigh as There is mighty little good in a mere spasm of reform. Pathos, or emotional appeal, involves engaging "an audience's sense of identity, their self-interest, their emotions" (Henning). As an instance in point, I may mention that one serious difficulty encountered in getting the right type of men to dig the Panama canal is the certainty that they will be exposed, both without, and, I am sorry to say, sometimes within, Congress, to utterly reckless assaults on their character and capacity. Steve Jobs Ethos Pathos And Logos. leaders and allies of all engaged in the work for social and political While he thinks it's important to call corporations out on their crimes . If a public man is willing to yield to popular clamor and do wrong to the men of wealth or to rich corporations, it may be set down as certain that if the opportunity comes he will secretly and furtively do wrong to the public in the interest of a corporation. The men ought to be exposed, who ought, if possible, to be put in the penitentiary. There can be no such thing as unilateral honesty. But the man who never does anything else, who never thinks or speaks or writes, save of his feats with the muck rake, speedily becomes, not a help but one of the most potent forces for evil. Such taxation should, of course, be aimed merely at the inheritance or transmission in their entirety of those fortunes swollen beyond all healthy limits. Roosevelt says this to inform the United States as to why they would had been attacked, only to say that it was unprovoked. making a beginning in the direction of serious effort to settle some of these This metaphor serves as an example throughout his speech in order to persuade his audience to side with his beliefs. Wed rather be sharing it in person, but for now, you can download the Everyday Educator here. It is Everyday Educations policy to respect your privacy when you visit our websites. More important than It is about some of these that I wish to say a word today. man who in this life consistently refuses to see aught that is lofty, and fixes 647 Words3 Pages. Spiritually and ethically we must strive to bring about clean living and right thinking. The American foreign policy statement that provided the basis for Roosevelt's military intervention in Latin America. Yet, on the other hand, it is vital not to permit this spirit of sanity and self-command to degenerate into mere mental stagnation. are times and places where this service is the most needed of all the services Ethos, Pathos, and Logos. American Rhetoric: The Power of Oratory in the United States But if they give good reason for distrust of what they say, if they chill the ardor of those who demand truth as a primary virtue, they thereby betray the good cause and play into the hands of the very men against whom they are nominally at war. We can no more and It puts a premium upon knavery untruthfully to attack If the whole The ethos in Roosevelts speech is quite apparent. Roosevelt could not afford to be a bad speaker as then it would reflect badly on the United States Government and the People's choice of the best possible candidate for president. But in addition to The foundation stone of national life is, and ever must be, the high individual character of the average citizen. We now find it necessary to provide by great additional buildings for the business of the government. There is nothing more distressing to every good patriot, to every good American, than the hard, scoffing spirit which treats the allegation of dishonesty in a public man as a cause for laughter. Adding this into the speech makes it obvious that Roosevelt will have nothing less than a principled justice brought to the nation. steal from the rich man." He was elected to the New York Assembly and served two terms from 1882 to 1884. Roosevelt starts his speech off by calling journalists out. It is about some of these that I wish to say a word today. There are beautiful things above and round about them; and if they gradually grow to feel that the whole world is nothing but muck, their power of usefulness is gone. It was used in the Progressive Era to characterize reform-minded American journalists who attacked corruption in established institutions and leaders. thinks or speaks or writes, save of his feats with the muck rake, speedily sanity, and self-restraint. No honesty will make a public man useful if that man is timid or foolish, if he is a hot-headed zealot or an impracticable visionary. action by others which can be construed into an expression of sympathy for But if they give good reason for distrust of what they say, if they chill the ardor of those who demand truth as a primary virtue, they thereby betray the good cause and play into the hands of the very men against whom they are nominally at war. statesmanship. look up nor regard the crown he was offered, but continued to rake to himself It puts a premium upon knavery untruthfully to attack an honest man, or even with hysterical exaggeration to assail a bad man with untruth. Bad though a state of hysterical If, on the other hand, it turns into a mere crusade of appetite against appetite, of a contest between the brutal greed of the "have nots" and the brutal greed of the "haves," then it has no significance for good, but only for evil. Roosevelt also tells everyone,As the commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have. We should discriminate in the sharpest way between fortunes well won and fortunes ill won; between those gained as an incident to performing great services to the community as a whole and those gained in evil fashion by keeping just within the limits of mere law honesty. The Man with the Muck Rake by Theodore Roosevelt gave on April 14, 1906. There is nothing more distressing to every good patriot, to every good American, than the hard, scoffing spirit which treats the allegation of dishonesty in a public man as a cause for laughter. To depend only on traces means that there will soon be a runaway and an upset. But the man who never does anything else, who never thinks or speaks or writes, save of his feats with the muck rake, speedily becomes, not a help but one of the most potent forces for evil. Theodore Roosevelt - 163 Quotes. feel that there should be no rest in the endless war against the forces of evil You need these qualities for your audience to accept your messages. as a cause for laughter. Text & Image = This honesty can be no respecter of it. The backbone of Teddy Roosevelt's speech is the idea of the Man with the Muck. 1.3 Logos. Pathos means experience or sadness and it is an appeal to emotion. He understands the worries of the common people and the not so common. To assail the great and admitted evils of our political and industrial life with such crude and sweeping generalizations as to include decent men in the general condemnation means the searing of the public conscience. taking the form of punishment of those guilty of the excess, is apt to take the The first requisite An Introduction to Ethos, Logos and Pathos. cynical belief in and indifference to public corruption or else of a distrustful If it seeks to establish a line of cleavage, not along the line which divides good men from bad, but along that other line, running at right angles thereto, which divides those who are well off from those who are less well off, then it will be fraught with immeasurable harm to the body politic. betray the good cause and play into the hands of the very men against whom they pulling down others; but their good must be the prime object of all our form either of punishment of the unoffending or of giving immunity, and even Now, it is very when a scoundrel is untruthfully assailed. (39) $7.00. individual; the tax of course, to be imposed by the national and not the state The Man with the Muck-rake delivered 14 April 1906 click for pdf Over a century ago Washington laid the corner stone of the Capitol in what was then little more than a tract of wooded wilderness here beside the Potomac. Some of the people mentioned have large families and are of an honest and selfless nature. Web.) The eighth commandment reads, Thou shalt not steal. It does not read, Thou shalt not steal from the rich man. It does not read, Thou shalt not steal from the poor man. It reads simply and plainly, Thou shalt not steal.. Yet he also typifies the man who in this life consistently refuses to see aught that is lofty, and fixes his eyes with solemn intentness only on that which is vile and debasing. Ethos (Greek for 'character') refers to the . framed, as I am sure it will be, as to secure definite and tangible results, murder. some such scheme as that of a progressive tax on all fortunes, beyond a certain Sources "Theodore Roosevelt - The Man with the Muck-rake." their misguided followers believe they are attacking. did succeed they would find that they had sown the wind and would surely reap in industry or politics, the feeling is to be heartily welcomed as a sign of He was an American statesman, author, explorer, soldier, naturalist, and reformer who became a driving force for the Progressive Era in the United States in the early 20th century. The concepts were introduced in Aristotle's Rhetoric, a treatise on persuasion that approached rhetoric as an art, in the fourth century BCE. It puts a premium upon knavery untruthfully to attack an honest man, or even with hysterical exaggeration to assail a bad man with untruth. Such legislation, if so framed, as I am sure it will be, as to secure definite and tangible results, will amount to something of itself; and it will amount to a great deal more in so far as it is taken as a first step in the direction of a policy of superintendence and control over corporate wealth engaged in interstate commerce; this superintendence and control not to be exercised in a spirit of malevolence toward the men who have created the wealth, but with the firm purpose both to do justice to them and to see that they in their turn do justice to the public at large. establish a line of cleavage, not along the line which divides good men from Such legislation, if so Expose the crime, and hunt down the criminal; but remember that even in the case of crime, if it is attacked in sensational, lurid, and untruthful fashion, the attack may do more damage to the public mind than the crime itself. Logos means reason and it is an appeal to logic. It is because I almost sure to invite a reaction; and, unfortunately, the reactions instead of have not ordinarily the judgment to consider. However Joe -the main character- in the story faced many of betrayals from his father or . Even with the most solid evidence for your argument, facts alone are rarely enough to convince someone. Rake, the man who could look no way but downward, with the muck rake in his In it, he encourages journalists to pursue honest reporting and avoid sensationalism. in favor of the unscrupulous scoundrel who really ought to be attacked, who Read someof Theodore Roosevelt's lettersto his children. More important than aught else is the development of the broadest sympathy of man for man. like to encourage such confusion of ideas. His face is depicted on Mount Rushmore, alongside those of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln. Instead, you need to use rhetorical appeals to deliver your message. Now, it is easy to twist out of shape what I have just said, easy to affect to misunderstand it, and if it is slurred over in repetition not difficult really to misunderstand it. Roosevelt provides a significant number of details pertaining to the attack on Pearl Harbor and other attacks that the Japanese carried out in conjunction with the bombing of Pearl Harbor, further establishing his ethos as a good source of information. It is of the utmost importance for our future that this should prove to be not the unrest of mere rebelliousness against life, of mere dissatisfaction with the inevitable inequality of conditions, but the unrest of a resolute and eager ambition to secure the betterment of the individual and the nation. is filth on the floor, and it must be scraped up with the muck rake; and there reckless assaults on character, whether on the stump or in newspaper, magazine, Such painting finally induces a kind of At this moment we are passing through a period of great unrest social, political, and industrial unrest. The danger is not really from corrupt corporations; it springs from the corruption itself, whether exercised for or against corporations. than a tract of wooded wilderness here beside the Potomac. It reads simply and plainly, "Thou shalt not steal.". Watch on. I hail as a benefactor every writer or speaker, every man who, on the platform or in a book, magazine, or newspaper, with merciless severity makes such attack, provided always that he in his turn remembers that the attack is of use only if it is absolutely truthful. April 15, 1906. Pero detrs del mito de su creacin hay una historia sin contar sobre un robo, una obsesin y un doble juego corporativo. We now administer the affairs of a nation in which the extraordinary willing to yield to popular clamor and do wrong to the men of wealth or to rich In his Ecclesiastical Polity that fine old Elizabethan divine, Bishop Hooker, wrote: He that goeth about to persuade a multitude that they are not so well governed as they ought to be shall never want attentive and favorable hearers, because they know the manifold defects whereunto every kind of regimen is subject, but the secret lets and difficulties, which in public proceedings are innumerable and inevitable, they have not ordinarily the judgment to consider. InPilgrim's Progressthe Man with the Muck Rake is set forth as the example of him whose vision is fixed on carnal instead of spiritual things. There is filth on the floor, and it must be scraped up with the muck rake; and there are times and places where this service is the most needed of all the services that can be performed. The danger is not The foundation welfare of the wage worker, the welfare of the tiller of the soil, upon these excitement is, and evil though the results are which come from the violent At the risk of repetition let me say again that my plea is not for immunity to, but for the most unsparing exposure of, the politician who betrays his trust, of the big business man who makes or spends his fortune in illegitimate or corrupt ways. He uses metaphors and hyperboles to further express his concern back up his reasoning. the most dangerous opponents of real reform. The only public disinterested work for the betterment of mankind was being done than now. they neither believe in the truth of the attack, nor in the honesty of the man Subheads have been added for easier scanning, and there is a definition of the term muckrakers below the speech. of our time, whether in the public press, or in magazines, or in books, are the love and courage and honesty and generosity and sympathy are also stronger than Kelley is one of many inspirational leaders who fought for womens rights. oscillations such excitement invariably produces, yet a sodden acquiescence in There is mighty little good in a mere spasm of Any excess is almost sure to invite a reaction; and, unfortunately, the reactions instead of taking the form of punishment of those guilty of the excess, is apt to take the form either of punishment of the unoffending or of giving immunity, and even strength, to offenders. the misdeeds of a corporation is that public man who will just as surely protect Steve Jobs was a renowned marketer. man." only if they know when to stop raking the muck, and to look upward to the There are in the body politic, economic and social, many and grave evils, and there is urgent necessity for the sternest war upon them. are nominally at war. In other words, they neither believe in the truth of the attack, nor in the honesty of the man who is attacked; they grow as suspicious of the accusation as of the offense; it becomes well nigh hopeless to stir them either to wrath against wrongdoing or to enthusiasm for what is right; and such a mental attitude in the public gives hope to every knave, and is the despair of honest men. appreciate that the things of the body are important; but we appreciate also Linda, whitey, Geraldine -Joe's mother-, and Joe, each one of them had exposure to betrayal in their own way. On the other hand, the wild preachers of unrest and discontent, the wild agitators against the entire existing order, the men who act crookedly, whether because of sinister design or from mere puzzle headedness, the men who preach destruction without proposing any substitute for what they intend to destroy, or who propose a substitute which would be far worse than the existing evils-all these men are the most dangerous opponents of real reform. In other words, they neither believe in the truth of the attack, nor in the honesty of the man who is attacked; they grow as suspicious of the accusation as of the offense; it becomes well nigh hopeless to stir them either to wrath against wrongdoing or to enthusiasm for what is right; and such a mental attitude in the public gives hope to every knave, and is the despair of honest men. google_ad_height = 280; Copyright 2001-Present. will come from that warped and mock morality which denounces the misdeeds of men us to deal with the far reaching evils of overcapitalization. Richard Nixon Checkers speech rhetorical analysis shows that the basis of Senator Nixon's speech is to oppose to the argument that his funds were in fact handed out illegally, while presenting his argument as to why he is correct. The men with the muck rakes are often indispensable to the well being of society; but only if they know when to stop raking the muck, and to look upward to the celestial crown above them, to the crown of worthy endeavor. The president makes the speech more credible because, he is well-known almost everywhere in the U.S. which gives us the reliability and trustworthiness needed in this situation. Roosevelt explained throughout his speech that people should be honest with themselves and others, and should refrain from destructing others reputations for personal gain. More important than aught else is the development of the broadest sympathy of man for man. The liar is no whit better than the thief, and if his mendacity takes the form of slander he may be worse than most thieves. Yet he also typifies the man who in this life consistently refuses to see aught that is lofty, and fixes his eyes with solemn intentness only on that which is vile and debasing. In the closing statement of his inaugural speech, Roosevelt asks that, In this dedication of a Nation we humbly ask the blessing of God. There results a general attitude either of cynical belief in and indifference to public corruption or else of a distrustful inability to discriminate between the good and the bad. The men who with stern sobriety and truth assail the many evils of our time, whether in the public press, or in magazines, or in books, are the leaders and allies of all engaged in the work for social and political betterment. things above and round about them; and if they gradually grow to feel that the Several hyperboles are also used to shed light on the negative effects that result from carnal behavior and attacking one's character if one is not absolutely truthful in their endeavors, Roosevelt said, There is an urgent necessity for the sternest war upon them. He describes that people should fight back against those who seek financial profit out of ruining the reputation of someone. An example of Roosevelts honesty is when he is discussing Japans motive, he explains that the state received a letter but it had no warning of war. present system. indiscriminate assault upon character does no good, but very great harm. superintendence and control over corporate wealth engaged in interstate evil of their teaching would enthrone more securely than ever the evils which Another example of effective ethos can be found towards the end of his speech when Roosevelt told America, I hope you can see, my friends, from this essential reticle of what your Government is doing that there is nothing complex, nothing radical in the process. This summed up the knowledge he shared in the banking system and instilled a sense of integrity in the government. 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