Why Are You Interested In This Position With Endeavor Air, Australia Sea Cucumber Export, Steve Hodge Recipes, Swgoh Character Release Dates, Articles V

16) What is the level of compaction required for pipe backfill? True or false: The voids in a saturated soil are partly filled with water and partly filled with water. 4 in.) What is the minimum number of density tests that should be run on the backfill material? VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction: Chapter 2, VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction: Chapter 3, VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction: Chapter 4, VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction: Chapter 5, VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction: Chapter 8, VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction: Chapter 6. Participated in traffic . 2016v1.0 Chapter 4 2, 3 Structural System Structural System Figure 4.2a: Reinforced Concrete Figure 4.2b: Flexible Pipe Culverts are generally designed for the loads they must carry after construction is completed. All rights reserved. VDOT : Central Mix Aggregate Plant with Proficiency - FULL PRICE NON VIRGINIA RESIDENTS, CCWA - Workforce Development and Conference Center, VDOT SELF-STUDY: Central Mix Aggregate Plant with Proficiency, VDOT SELF-STUDY: Soils and Aggregate Compaction, VDOT: Central Mix Aggregate Plant with Proficiency, VDOT: Documentation and Recordkeeping for Inspectors. In a saturated soil, the voids are entirely filled with water. Once a soil or aggregate mixture has been placed in a layer on the embankment, the contractor can use various types of compaction equipment to densify the soil to the desired level of compaction. A. True or false: A soil that contains a high percentage of fines is more affected by water that one with a low percentage of fines. Refer to VDOT Road and Bridge Specifications, Section Procedures (d) Post Installation Inspection for detail requirements and remediation procedures. waste aggregate )-4CWP( 4% ceramic waste pow der) represents a 10% aggregate substitution with ceramic waste. 8 in. (Make a Mark on Outside of Pipe) Moving pipe around after joining may cause pipe joint to work apart. Virginia Department of Transportation documents: Road and Bridge Specifications and appropriate supplemental specifications Virginia Test Methods Manual Road and Bridge Standards. 9) The outlet pipe is connected to the back of the end wall. 2016v1.0 Chapter 4 11, 12 Types of Joints for Concrete Pipe Tongue & Groove: A bell & spigot type joint with straight walls (flush bell). 11) Backfill depth is at least equal to the diameter of the pipe. bored but can't be bothered to do anything. SECTION 02530 STORM DRAINAGE STRUCTURES. small voids and is compact. In a rigid pipe, this zone has zero effect on the load carrying capacity. VDOTSoilsandAggregateCompaction 6 FIELDMOISTUREANDDENSITYTESTING WITHTHENUCLEARGAUGE LEARNINGOUTCOMES . A copy of the Storm Sewer/Culvert Inspection Report (inspection report)including any video tape/digital Video Recording (DVD)/digital photographs shall be provided to the VDOT Inspector within two business days of the completion of the inspection and made part of the project records. Clearly the pipe needs to function as a conduit, as the whole idea of a pipe is to move liquid in a controlled manner and direction. All sewer laterals shall tie into the sewer main lines unless approved by the City Engineer. The joint consists of a tongue (male end) and groove (female end) with no defining areas for gasket material placement. The requirements for pipe material and installation in sewer and drainage collection systems. What term describes the distribution of various particle sizes with the material? A compacted soil has a reduced rate of both water infiltration and drainage. Lane provides the complete product line to meet all your HDPE drainage needs -, Chapter 3 CULVERTS Description A culvert is a closed conduit used to convey water from one area to another, usually from one side of a road to the other side. The goal shall be to collect, C PROJECT ESTIMATE ASSUMPTIONS AND EXCLUSIONS In support of the alternatives development process, preliminary cost estimates were prepared for each of the three Candidate Build Alternatives. 4) What is the maximum size a rock to be placed within 12 inches of a pipe? Soils and Aggregate Compaction Technician MARTCP. %PDF-1.5 % Enrollment can be completed on through Germanna Community College or CCWA. What are those two functions? Pipe Materials B. If your certification expires this year, you must successfully complete all requirements for the certification by completing an instructor-led or self-study course and any proficiency in the same calendar year. 4 to 3/4 in. Proper installation is essential to pavement performance as it increases bearing capacity, increases service life and lowers maintenance costs. (don t test 1st compacted lift) = 104 in. When performing a manual visual inspection: There must be adequate crawl/walking space and VDOT Safety Policy and Procedure #8 Confined Space Entry Policy and Procedure must be followed. VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction 2016v1.0 Chapter 1 | 1 endobj Trench excavation, backfill, and compaction; Section 02250. What is the moisture content at which soil begins to behave like a liquid called? If you have questions, please provide us with the course title and number when e-mailing or calling. 4 in.) Contractor shall ensure that all permits are obtained prior to any construction. 1 (do not test 1st lift) = 4) = 11 tests required per 300 5) Length of run = 856 ft.; therefore 3 sets of tests required 6) 11 x 3 = 33 tests required for total run (minimum) (Answer) 2016v1.0 Chapter 4 13, 14 Backfill around Drop Inlets (minimum) One test every other lift around the perimeter; beginning after the first 4 inch compacted lift above the bedding and continue to the top of the structure. 13) What is the maximum allowed crack size of a rigid pipe? If it is a routine entrance, or crossover pipe 12 to 30 in diameter, that is to be installed under fills 15 feet or less in height, no exploration is needed. CATCH BASINS 7-3 7.4. And the pipe must provide structure, because if the ground above the pipe collapses then the pipe can no longer perform as a conduit. Drawings and General Provisions of Contract, including General and Special Conditions and other Division 1 Specification Sections, CHAPTER 9 SEWER / STORM DRAIN / IRRIGATION LINES SECTION 9.01 GENERAL This section covers the requirements for piping materials and installation of Lehi City sewer, storm drainage and irrigation collection. If you wish to receive this content in an accessible format per Section 508 of the federal Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. This website includes hyperlinks to sites neither controlled nor sponsored by VDOT or the Commonwealth of Virginia. 15) What end of the pipe system do you start installation? Concrete Field - Current ACI must be submitted to MaterialsCertification@vdot.virginia.gov ; Soils and Aggregate Compaction - Physical demonstration of proficiency - scheduled by CCWA **New **Central Mix Aggregate Plant - Physical demonstration of proficiency - scheduled by CCWA **New** To learn about CHANGES up to 2018, please review the . 1100 SLIP-LINING SANITARY SEWERS 1100.1 DESCRIPTION: This item shall consist of slip-lining sanitary sewer pipe, which is accomplished by pulling or pushing liner pipe into existing sewers by. SUBDRAINS AND FOOTING DRAIN COLLECTORS. The behavior of a material where the material deforms under load and does not go back to its original shape is called plasticity. The Soils and Aggregate Inspector Certification Course is designed for those individuals responsible for the sampling and testing of soils and aggregates used in base, subbase and roadway embankment construction. All materials and workmanship, TABLE OF CONTENTS NO. Bierolson. SECTION 33 41 03 POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PIPE, STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS SECTION 03461 PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE MANHOLES AND MANHOLE BASES. Students must bring valid ID & attend class in order to test. A. . Care must be exercised to ensure placement and compaction of the embedment material in the haunches. From this we can highlight the following requirements: Visual/ Video Inspection is required on: All Storm Sewer Pipes (100%) Selected Number of Pipe Culverts (>10%) 2016v1.0 Chapter 4 15, 16 Must be done with VDOT Rep Present Conducted no sooner than 30 days after completion of Installation and placement of final cover (except pavement). Please check your spelling or try another term. N7R;No7^Y = 12 lifts 3) 12 lifts 1 lift (skip first lift) = 11 lifts 4) 11lifts 4 (test every fourth compacted lift) = 2.75, round up to 3 tests in bottom 4 ft. of backfill Top 5 ft. of backfill x 3 lifts/ft. SECTION 701 CULVERT PIPE, ENTRANCE PIPE, STORM SEWER PIPE, AND EQUIVALENTS 701.01 DESCRIPTION. Some links may require the Adobe Reader. RIPRAP From Massachusetts Erosion and Sediment Control Guidelines for Urban and Suburban Areas http://www.mass.gov/dep/water/laws/policies. Conform to requirements of Section 01 33 00 Submittals. Rock more than 2 inches in its greatest dimension shall not be placed within 12 inches of pipe. We developed this course with the input of 30-year inspection managers, engineers, and other industry experts. Topics include permits and fees, trench widths, pipe laying, bedding, initial, SECTION 08000 STORM DRAINAGE 08010 DESIGN A. When backfill is below spring line of pipe, compact next to pipe first and work towards the trench wall. The side is called the drainage side. All cracks shall be digitally scanned to allow for accurate measurement. Having one of these functions without the other is worthless. Suggested participants would include contractor and supplier quality control personnel, consultants, testing firms and agency . The following drawing provides typical VDOT standards for pipe bedding and backfill. Students must bring valid ID & attend class in order to test. 129 0 obj <> endobj True. SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised 11/5/13), Stormwater/Wetland Pond Construction Inspection Checklist. Pipe Testing Frequency Example 1: Pipe Diameter = 48 in. Web Policy / Privacy Statement / WAI Compliance / Email Safety / Site Map, APD Instructional and Informational Memoranda, Minimum Requirements for Quality Assurance and Quality Control on Design Build and P3 Projects, AASHTOWare Project Preconstruction (AWP-P) Manual, Construction Instructional and Informational Memoranda, Instructional and Informational Memoranda, Alternative Intersection Informational Design Guides, LD Instructional and Informational Memoranda, PMO Instructional and Informational Memoranda, Pollution Prevention Field Guide for Construction Activities, Roadside Development Report Excel spreadsheet tool, Nutrient Management Plan for Construction Projects, Nutrient Management Plan for Roadside Management, VDOT BMP Maintenance Manual Appendix C - Plant Palette Tables, Materials Certification School Information, Guide to the Traffic Impact Analysis Regulations, Land Development Inspection Documentation Best Practices Manual, OD Instructional and Informational Memoranda, Guide Manual for Causes and Repair of Cracks in Bridge Deck, Traffic Calming Guide for Neighborhood Streets, Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), TED Instructional and Informational Memoranda, VDOT Traffic Operations and Safety Analysis Manual (TOSAM), Instructional and informational memoranda, Manual for the Procurement and Management of Professional Services. SCOPE Pipe subsoil drains shall be constructed in accordance with this specification and in conformity with the lines, grades and cross-sections shown, 402.02 Section 402. There is a variety of pavement under/edge drains in the VDOT Road and Bridge Standards Volume 1 ( ) with each addressing a specific geometric condition and groundwater condition. 71 terms. Manhole, Frame, and Cover Installation (includes Drop Manhole) Additional Manhole Depth. This website includes hyperlinks to sites neither controlled nor sponsored by VDOT or the Commonwealth of Virginia. A trench at the edge of the pavement provides a cavity with the least resistance for water to flow and accommodate pavement drainage. At the engineer of record's. General: CONCRETE SEGMENTAL RETAINING WALL SYSTEM PART 1: GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS 1.01 Work Included A. Students are required to register for classes on the GCC and/or CCWA web sites. Schedule PH (Form 1120) (1960). If the soils is 100 percent saturated and the voids are full of water and has a high MC. Hg`\CC t b SECTION 014500 QUALITY CONTROL PART 1 GENERAL 1.01 RELATED REQUIREMENTS A. f$C@PbYV-Q5];b:N U0[ @{ Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What are the three differences between the AASHTO T-99 and AASHTO T-180?, How many layers of soil are required to make a standard proctor mold? Grade Adjustment of Existing Miscellaneous Structures 600-8 3. VDOT uses AASHTO and Unified Soil Classification Systems to classify soils. 2016v1.0 Chapter 4 10, 11 Place Bedding Stable and uniform bedding must be provided for the pipe and any protruding features of its joints and/or fittings. Copyright 2023, VDOT. STORM DRAIN DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS & SPECIFICATIONS 400 SERIES. When moving concrete pipe you should pick it up by one end. Additionally, a copy shall be furnished to local VDOT Asset Management personnel to document the pipe/culvert condition at that point in time. hbbd``b`$BAD`LZ H0j( a2H-q u\?#v#_ 1.01 Testing - General, June 2007 CHAPTER 7 - CULVERTS 7.0 CHAPTER 7 - CULVERTS 7.1 GENERAL, HDPE PRODUCTS QUALITY, PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMY COMBINED, Chapter 3 CULVERTS. If the mandrel test is to be performed to mechanically measure deformations/deflections of the pipe/culvert, the mandrel used shall be a nine (or greater odd number) arm mandrel, and shall be sized and inspected by the Engineer prior to testing. Inspection is performed in accordance with VTM v1.0 Chapter 4 18, 19 1) What should be located before starting to dig? Product data for drainage piping specialties. SECTION 02612 NONREINFORCED CONCRETE SEWER PIPE, Division 2 Section 32 14 13.19 Section 02795. The current deadline to have Soils and Aggregate Proficiency exams completed by is . The Contractor shall report findings of foundation exploration to the Engineer for approval prior to placing pipe. Length of run = 275 ft. (Pipe Diameter lift thickness) + (Fill above pipe lift thickness) (1 lift) = 1) (48 in. For positive projection embankment installations, the embankment material should be placed and compacted to a minimum of one foot above the pipe and the trench excavated into the embankment. Bierolson. The proctored 1 hour, 1-on-1 proficiency test is required to fully complete the VDOT Soils & Aggregate Compaction certification. Specifications i. X, `| 2 0 obj %%EOF JnqYj A"@. This section covers the installation and testing of all sewer pipe furnished under the following specification sections: Concrete, SPECIFICATION FOR PIPE SUBSOIL DRAIN CONSTRUCTION 1. For flexible pipe this begins 12 over top of pipe for smaller pipe and 18 for pipe 54 and larger. The original Former is a vacuum formed light gauge plastic mold, The contractor shall moist-cure the completed Lime Treated Subbase for a minimum of days before allowing any traffic on the compacted surface. If the inspection is conducted by video: The video camera must have fully articulated lenses (360 degree inspection). Submit, SECTION 31 20 00 PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 DESCRIPTION A. VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction 2016v1.0 Appendix D | 1 Cleaning, Inspecting, and Testing Sanitary Sewers B. Silt tight joints provide protection against infiltration of the backfill material containing a high percentage of fines, and typically utilize some type of filtering or sealing component, such as an elastomeric rubber seal or geotextile. SECTION 02720 SANITARY SEWER AND STORM DRAIN SYSTEMS, Ohio Department of Transportation Division of Production Management Office of Geotechnical Engineering. The above components are designed to perform three functions to aid in draining water from the pavement; these are: Intercept Collect Discharge Following is a general guide on the installation of underdrain/edge drain systems: 1) Excavate trench making sure the side walls are stable 2) Remove any sloughed materials from the trench 3) The dug out material is picked up with conveyor belt and loaded in trucks or piled on one side then picked up by a front end loader. False. 309 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8C7926BE3CE0893EFFE3D4D04181CA9C><5F163F4C9BEAEE4B999AF08BC3EDB7FD>]/Index[296 27]/Info 295 0 R/Length 74/Prev 443524/Root 297 0 R/Size 323/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream 1 0 obj (test every other 4 in. If you have questions, please provide us with the course title and number when e-mailing or calling. There is still an opportunity to test on the last day of class; however there is . SECTION IV - TESTS AND INSPECTIONS PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 Testing - General Testing shall be of the type and frequency described in each section and summarized in Item 1 of this section. Pollution Prevention Field Guide for Construction Activities. 794 (d), please call 800-367-7623. endstream endobj startxref Importance to Maintenance & Water Quality. In this research work three methods of handling rock sized aggregates which include compacting the whole sample (method . Geotechnical Design Parameters for Retaining Walls, Sound Barrier Walls and Non-Critical Slopes. Milo Wade; 3 years ago ; Views: Transcription. This work consists of constructing storm sewers of the size and class required, including excavation, bedding, and backfill. What is the moisture content at which soil can be compacted to its maximum dry density with the least amount of comparative effort called? The gradation is the distribution of various particle sizes within the material. Download Free PDF. endstream endobj startxref hbbd``b`~$CC`LZ eQ@dq ;&F d}0 Similarly, VDOT will recognize NICET Construction Materials Testing Level II Certification in Concrete. Place container on stove or hot plate. protection. # u 6) Line the trench with the non woven drainage fabric. hb```f``2g`2X@Y809wCc cRBTK@S0UYB:d P&t%iV'XhS:Ku.0%7Q4~Av{iL^$x0%Prmc*700x\65;kYw;^(ew5efv] qKZS;\c zr Gg^tL)QMpJhzHrEO *~\,g -. \@%+TB)9~D ru^j:c;1JJ u]5ZU._] ueV^+/5 bc the dense gradation provides more strength by filling voids. Computer-based testing (CBT) allows NICET to extend several benefits to our customers: more flexible exam dates and appointment times; immediate scheduling and confirmation; and quicker exam scoring. 2e\o ngV10J6q`pp)|Hpm3@BF > endobj 298 0 obj <> endobj 299 0 obj <>stream VDOT Soils and Aggregate Compaction 2016v1.0 Appendix B | 2 Work shall consist of furnishing and constructing a Rockwood Classic 8 with PCS unit segmental retaining wall, Appendix C: Pipe Material Policy Page C-1 PIPE MATERIAL POLICY Policy: This policy will replace all previous policies regarding the selection of pipe material for cross drains, drive pipe, drop pipe, storm, SECTION 33 31 00.11 GRAVITY SANITARY SEWERS PART 1: GENERAL 1.01 SCOPE A. Description Removal or abandonment of existing utilities and underground structures shall include, but not necessarily, 155 E. Front Street (rear) Lititz, PA 17543 Phone (717) 625-1930 Fax (717) 625-1931 Bethel Township Municipal Authority (BTMA) RESIDENTIAL SEWER CONNECTION MANUAL CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS AND DETAILS, SECTION 9 SEWER/DRAINAGE LINES 9.1 GENERAL This section covers the requirements for piping materials and installation in the Cedar Hills City sewer and drainage collection system. CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER ENGINEERING DIVISION Wastewater Capital Projects Management Standard Construction Specification 10.1 Precast Concrete Pipe 10.1.1 General This section covers material requirements, DIVISION 4300 STORM DRAINAGE SECTION 4305 STORM SEWER PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 SCOPE This section covers the construction of storm sewers for the collection and transport of stormwater runoff. suzanna_gevorgyan. If vibratory rollers are used in the backfill operations, vibratory motors shall not be activated until at least 3 feet of backfill has been placed and compacted over the pipe. <> This item shall consist of the construction of both sanitary and storm sewer precast concrete manholes in accordance with, Specification Guidelines: Allan Block Modular Retaining Wall Systems The following specifications provide Allan Block Corporation's typical requirements and recommendations. Concrete Field - Current ACI must be submitted to MaterialsCertification@vdot.virginia.gov ; Soils and Aggregate Compaction - Physical demonstration of proficiency - scheduled by CCWA **New **Central Mix Aggregate Plant - Physical demonstration of proficiency - scheduled by CCWA **New** To learn about CHANGES up to 2018, please review the . CON 310 Soils and Aggregates (Soils and Compaction) Homework Name:_____ 1) Why is it important for material testing technicians understand how to perform both the nuclear density test and the sandcone test for compaction testing? Access to test grades will be first done on GCC and CCWA and certification credentials will ONLY be available throughVDOT University Virtual Campus, so ALL students must have a valid account on VDOT University. Structure Materials C. Installation D. Inlets and Outlets 08030 INSPECTIONS AND TESTING. Section 33 0200- Page 1 of 4 PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 DESCRIPTION OF WORK The work of this Section includes furnishing and installing Reinforced Concrete Pressure Pipe as shown on the Drawings and as specified. SOILS AND AGGREGATE COMPACTION FIELD CERTIFICATION STUDY GUIDE 2016 Prepared By: The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), Materials Division Note: The information included in this manual is generally compatible with current VDOT Road and Bridge Specifications; however, it should not be considered or used as a primary reference for VDOT PMO Instructional and Informational Memoranda. This course includes downloadable resources including a procedural outline and a pdf of the standard, instructional video content, interactive knowledge checks, and a self . 2016v1.0 Chapter 4 4, 5 PRE CONSTRUCTION ISSUES Prior to construction the pipe delivered to the project should be inspected and verified to be the pipe specified for the project. Cracks shall be digitally scanned to allow for accurate measurement. Trench widths may be varied, based on the competency of the in situ soil, backfill materials, compaction levels and loads. SECTION 02150 REMOVAL OR ABANDONMENT OF EXISTING UTILITIES AND UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES. B. In addition, two app roaches, soil compaction, and optimal workability are The CCWA is hosting the following courses, which are available in a traditional (instructor-led) format or as a self-study option, allowing the students to challenge the Materials Certification exams: For more information on CCWA courses and registration click hereor contact CCWA at 804-523-2290 or 804-523-2292. 12) How long after installation is complete can the video inspection can be done? Senior Transportation Construction Inspector to join us in VDOT's Northern Virginia to inspect all phases of construction on highway construction and maintenance projects.To oversee, monitors . Description Storm drainage structure construction shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, furnishing and installing or, Installation PowerPoint for Grasscrete Formers 1 This document describes the two single-use tools utilized to create the Grasscrete product. Provisions. Repair of sanitary sewer lines by replacing short lengths of failed pipe with new pipe. The cost estimates, SPECIFICATIONS FOR SEWER PIPE AND LINING INSERTION - TRENCHLESS; GENERAL GUIDELINES (As Provided by NASSCO) 1 Intent: The intent of trenchless sewer pipe Insertion is to rehabilitate the existing sewer. 5) Install pipe to grade 6) Compact structural bedding outside the middle third of the pipe 7) Place structural bedding in lifts 8) Complete structural backfill operation by working from side to side of the pipe, differential not to exceed 24 or 1/3 size of pipe. 57 stone be used? Please click on the course title to see the full course description. pipe stiffness 65 psi) 6) An end wall for the protection of the outlet pipe. C. Section 014510 TESTING LABORATORY SERVICE. Where appropriate, SECTION 5200 - STORM SEWER PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 SCOPE: This Section covers installation of storm sewer mains and culverts. Rubber gaskets may be used when the joint slope is five degrees or less, however it is usually limited to mastic or butyl sealants. The fill above the top of the regular backfill shall be installed and completed as specified for embankment construction. 0 materials (soils, aggregate and asphalt) in the field, the Geotechnical firm shall be responsible for the continuous monitoring of the placement and compaction of aggregate base materials, asphalt concrete pavement and the placement and compaction of earthwork and backfill of trenches and structures to ensure compliance with the Specifications. The diameter of the mandrel at any point shall not be less than the allowable percent deflection of the certified actual mean diameter of the pipe or culvert being tested. After pipe installation and prior to backfilling, plugs shall be installed from the exterior of the pipe or box culvert and snugly seated. When standing water is in pipe foundation area, No. The moisture content at which a soil begins to behave like a liquid is called the liquid limit. Locate Utilities Prior to excavating the trench area, all utilities should be located by a qualified contractor. Fine particles are more sensitive to the presence of water than coarse particles. You do not have to place pipe bedding material down first when installing a UD 4. If performed improperly, soil density settlement of the soil could occur and result in unnecessary maintenance costs or structure failure. Soiltight joints provide protection against infiltration of backfill material containing high percentage of coarse grain soils, and are influenced by the size of the opening (maximum dimension normal to the direction that the soil may infiltrate) and the length of the channel (length of the path along which the soil may infiltrate). This Section describes the requirements for excavating, filling, and grading for earthwork at Parking Structure, new exit stair and as required to, DIVISION 2 - SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE SECTION 02720 - STORM DRAIN SYSTEMS PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 DESCRIPTION A. Furnish and install all storm drains, including manholes, inlets, service lines and other appurtenant. These heavy loads can cause considerable damage in flexible pipes and can cause D load cracking in rigid pipes. Unsuitable foundations must be stabilized at the engineer s direction. VDOT Materials Certification Schools. A review of the proper minimum/maximum height of cover for the specific type of pipe should be completed. What term refers to the texture and firmness of a soil? Figure 4.3: Minimum Cover to Allow Construction Traffic over Pipe 2016v1.0 Chapter 4 3, 4 The following tables give VDOT specifications for maximum height of cover for some types of pipe.